GRV

GRV refers to the amount of stomach content that remains after / during enteral nutrition. Monitoring of GRV may be important, as high volumes may lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction, vomiting and/or pneumonia. Feasibility/Equipment: Gastric residual volume can be monitored if […]

FEES

Swallowing dysfunction, known as post-extubation dysphagia (PED), can arise following mechanical ventilation and result in complications like aspiration and pneumonia. FEES is considered one of the two gold-standard methods for the diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia, together with the videofluoroscopic swallowing […]